Shooting Schedule

This is my group's shooting schedule, a shooting schedule is made to ensure that when filming all runs smoothly and according to plan. Basically, a shooting schedule is a mode of organisation for this time which without organisation, could go very wrong.

I made this shooting schedule because I wanted to make sure my group could read this and understand which days we were to film and at what time so all props, equipment and costume are sourced by this time and we are prepared for shooting on the day.

Storyboard

Photo Shoot Plan

We've decided to take photographs in 3 different locations each included in our music video, this way we can choose a photograph which best matches the theme of our music video and would create a recognisable image for our music package. We've also chosen to use an SLR stills camera for our photographs to ensure the quality of the photographs for effectiveness and a professional look.

Lists of Props, Costumes, make-up and equipment.

The props we have chosen such as a taxi and balloons have been because we feel that they would fit in well not only with our genre but with our track with challenges some of the genre conventions and we hope to reflect that in our own video.

Costume and Make-up has been chosen to achieve our brand identity and to fit in with our genre and colour scheme.

Equipment has been chosen to make it all happen and really create the professional effect we're looking for, such as LED Par lighting and SLR stills cameras for our photo shoots.

CD Cover Draft Designs

We designed this CD cover as a group using photoshop during our technical tutorials. We chose this photograph to edit from our practice publicity photo-shoot because we felt the composition of the frame and the use of prop was really conventional to our genre and most effectively met the expectations of a successful publicity photograph. Our choice of font stemmed from our ideas for brand identity and image, we're looking at creating an artist similar to Paloma Faith, a middle way between the 50s look of Amy Winehouse and the more smart, glamorous image of Duffy. However, as we hadn't considered costume in our practice publicity photographs, or the effect of the background, the font doesn't really work so well as it doesn't match the mise-en-scene and the pattern along with the rows of books create an overcrowded look making the title unclear.

I created this version at home, I thought more carefully this time about font and colour. I felt that the black and white effect was conventional to the genre as seen in Duffy's 'Rockferry' album cover and works really well with the background as this provided more leeway for me to use a brightly coloured font and for it still to stand out. By keeping the artist in colour, our aim was to make her appear bright, musically gifted and interesting in comparison to the rest of the world.

My third attempt at making a Draft Cd Cover combined solutions to the problems I faced in both of my previous attempts. In this attempt I kept the black and white colour scheme against the colourful artist as I felt its connotations were well matched to the genre and the image we want to put across for our artist. However in this version I spent more time perfecting the edit, so there were no 'spills' of colour into the black and white frame (as are seen in my second attempt). I also used our decided artist name Veronica Summer and a font called 'Monbijoux' that we are considering using for our finished item.

Location Shots

For our main locations, my group are looking at using a bar setting for a narrative and a stage setting for the more literal performance shots.

This is the stage we're looking to use for our music video, it's big and has a lot of room to accomodate our ideas for instruments and dancers etc. The floor in front of the stage could also be used for this purpose. We'd use a lot of uplighting, decor and perhaps a large projection to design the stage in a way that will suit our genre and look more beautiful on camera.

In terms of cinematography, I've taken this photograph as a long shot because we plan to use a long shot in our video as this would allow us to show the viewer the whole band. This links to our genre and our target audience as the fact that Veronica Summer's music isn't manufactured plays a big part in the type of people she appeals to and creating her image. We want Veronica Summer to come across as a passionate and intelligent artist who cares about and is deeply involved in her music which is conventional of a soul artist. We will also be using close up shots of our artist and perhaps of individual members of the band to introduce the artist and highlight her importance.




The above video showcases photographs of our proposed locations in a bar setting, we chose this bar because the red backdrop is perfect for our colour scheme and conventional to our genre. As well as this the bar is modern and fresh and generally just looks really good, so we thought it would fit with the glamorous side of our artist.

In the bar we will be using a range of shots and camera movements as this is where the main dancing with our backing dancers will take place so we will be using a lot of tracking to show this and to highlight the liveliness and fun elements to our somewhat serious soul artist.

We will also be using the interior of the black taxi pictured above. This connotes the artist's British roots and fits with the British Contemporary Soul genre, particularly as this setting has been used by popular soul artists most notably Duffy. However, we will be decorating the cab to create a much different atmosphere to what Duffy created by using balloons and bright colours.

I decided to take this photograph from this angle because this would be an ideal shot type for our music video. For our idea, we require that our artist is quite still throughout as we want to create the effect of balloons appearing and in our editing stages this will require some continuity in our filming to make this effective. As well as this we need to mark specific placement also for our camera and tripod, in the above shot I am sitting on a chair diagonal from the one in which our artist will be sat and this angle fits in well with our storyboard and currently planned ideas. This long-mid shot would also allow the viewer to understand the artist by seeing her costume and how it's adapted along with balloons, feather boas and other decorative seemingly appearing from nowhere as the chorus continues.

Planning posts - checking your progress Oct 16th SJA

WWW:


- Katie, I genuinely really enjoy looking over your blog and seeing your brilliant ideas for the posts.
- I thought your idea for the 'Lyrics Annotation' was really creative and imaginative - keep up this sort of appraoch for each post. It was excellent!
- Excellent work also on 'Concepts' post - very well thought through, genuine interest in your task really shines through on this post
- Your posts on 'Roles' and the 'Image Annotation' where you explain Paloma Faith in terms of a combination between Amy Winehouse and Duffy was really impressive.

EBI:


- Improve your 'Technical Tutorials' posts by providing a written (or verbal) explanation of how you used the green screen and final cut - and your thoughts about how you could include these in to your own music video
- Likewise with the CD cover design post (when you compelte it). I've seen a brilliant image of Kayleigh with her head resting on an open book that your group worked on with photoshop last week. It's a grerat image and really shows your group's understanding of what makes an effective promotional image - again you need written explanation about what you did, why you chose that image, and how it works for your genre...


Overall assessment of 'Planning' so far: VG (Very Good) - I've marked all posts as 'Excellent' so far, apart from the 'Technical Tutorials' which needs improving - and the missing CD Cover photoshop practice needs including in your blog.

To reach the top of Level 4 (which is what you are certainly aiming for) you need to contiue to show your excellent grasp of creativity, innovation, imagination and ICT technical flair for every post. The 'Planning' section of your blog really should provide you with loads of opportunities to demonstrate all of these things. Well done so far Katie. Your hard work on this will certainly pay off. You and your group have selected a great track from a really interesting artist in Paloma Faith, and it should give you lots to experiment with in terms of mise-en-scene and representation. I am really looking forward to seeing what your group comes up with.

Assessment 10th October JIN

Katie,
I know you were concerned that you werent up to date. I see you are now. Well done.
I like how you attempt to use a wide range of technology. This is very effective.
Have you completed a post for conventions of Genre?
For you to get a really high coursework grade we need to see:
Lots of images posted in innovative ways.
Detailed analysis using connotation and lots of Media Langauge.
I know you can do continue to do this Katie
Overall your progress is VERY GOOD. Lets get to Excellent! JIN

Concepts

Our current conceptual ideas for our music video is a mainly performance based structure along with some dance sequences and perhaps short but quite shallow narrative in the bar scenes. An idea that has arisen is making the video appear like a practice performance rather than like a performance to a big audience as a pop star would. The small, personal 'rough around the edges' feel of a practice would be conventional to the genre as it conveys passion for music and not image.

Our ideas for locations and props in the main, is a bar and a piano. The bar would make a good setting for the music video very similar to 'You Know I'm No Good' by Amy Winehouse and the singing on a piano location is conventional to the genre because it connotes dedication and passion to music which is often reflected in soul music videos.

Our concept in terms of costume has been much discussed, as a group we really want our artist to be a mix between Amy Winehouse and Duffy, similar to Paloma Faith but perhaps a little less 'out there'. Our main idea for costume is a black dress, like Duffy accesorised with big backcombed hair, red lipstick, dark eyeliner and tattoos similar to Winehouse thus creating a soul artist 'hybrid'. We chose this because is connotes that our artist, similar to Winehouse, is passionate about her music more than creating the perfect 'pretty' image which is more connected to pop artists than soul artists. However, we still want to create the soul brand image with tattoos etc and ensure that our artist is an aspirational figure for our target audience. In terms of other costumes, male character/dancers will wear black or grey suits which can link back to the decided conventions in our audience research questionnaire results as well as the origins of soul music in which most males wore suits. Although as our artist is contemporary, we have decided to slightly challenge the conventions by our backing dancers wearing suit shoes, shirts, tie and trousers but not a jacket as expected from a soul video. This is to connote the casual, 'down to earth' element of our artist and how music comes before image.

I think these outfits would be perfect for our artist as they have a vintage print and shape similar to the sort of dresses that could be linked to Paloma Faith. This kind of smart but glamorous clothing is very conventional to the genre, especially contemporary and really works well with our target audience who we expect would be interested in vintage clothing.

In our performance shots we also want to use a jeans/black corset combination for our artist which would link in with our colour scheme as the band who would be wearing these colours but again connote her more laid-back 'all about the music' essence we're aiming to put across.


In terms of effects and technical concepts for our video our main aims are to use lighting effectively as it plays a large role in soul music videos which often take place in a dark setting and to use green screen technologies effectively also which allows us to develop our editing skills and create effects and settings that aren't possible in natural life.

Image Annotation

We want our artist to be a mix between the 'left wing' and 'right wing' of soul music a bit like Paloma Faith, although our artist probably wouldn't have the same 'over the top' lady Gaga-esque style traits as Paloma but we'd use a mixture of tattoos and smart dress to create a middle-way female soul artist.

We will represent them as a classic soul artist with a modern edge, similar to Paloma Faith, but a little more conventional and recognisable as a soul singer. Below I've annotated an image of Paloma Faith, which is quite dissimilar to her usual image but represents the image our group would like to create for our artist.

Lyrics Annotation

Song Details

The song we have chosen for our A2 Music Video is TECHNICOLOUR by Paloma Faith.



We've chosen this song because its a contemporary soul track representative of our ideas for a music video. We chose a Paloma Faith song in particular for our video because we like her image and would like to recreate something similar within our own video - 'middle-way' soul, not quite Duffy but not quite Amy Winehouse. Her brand image is unique and recognisable but fits in well with the soul genre, and although we would have to tone her style down slightly for our own music video we wanted to use her as an inspiration.

The song was written by Paloma Faith for Samsung Mobile, however it was never released on an album, this is perfect for us because we wanted to use an unreleased song by a British artist.

Technical Tutorials

During our technical tutorials we learned how to effectively use the green screen in a way which could be applied to our own music video when we put it into production. We both performed in front of the green screen and practiced as a crew by setting up/holding the green screen in place/filming/lighting for other groups also doing their technical tutorials. I thought that this time using new technologies was really effective as I learned a lot about how to use chromakey for Green Screen when editing our footage and it gave our group some new inspiration for our upcoming project.


We also had technical tutorials in practicing using photoshop for our publicity photos which will be used on our digipaks and advertisments.

We practiced this cover in a group in class. The photograph itself is really effective as a publicity photo and relative to the genre, the use of a music book suggests a real musical knowledge which is conventional to soul.  Although the photograph composition and it's connotations are well thought out and effective, we found when we completed this draft that we weren't happy with the font. The font is too patterned to fit with the detail of the photograph and isn't bold enough to stand out amongst other CD covers, although it is somewhat relative to the Paloma Faith 'rockabilly' side of the genre, it doesn't quite fit with this photograph where our choice of mise-en-scene is a little more Duffy-esque. However, in our final product, we'd probably use a different approach much more suited to the font.

I produced this draft cover at home to gain some more practice. I found this cover a lot more effective than our first try as a group because I tried to use colour to portray conventions of the genre, black and white is often seen in publicity photos (shown below) and the deep colours such as red connote passion and are often used in soul to show how soul artists are passionate about music. The block coloured font is a lot more effective and 'stand-out' than the other cover and I personally believe works a lot better alongside the publicity photograph. However, we do not yet have a confirmed artist name or album title so we do need to work on this as a group.

The use of colour and placement of artist name is very similar to the Duffy example thus showing application to genre conventions in my own work.

Roles

Kayleigh Hobbs
Kayleigh will be performing in the video as our soul artist. This means that her main role within the video will be to learn the lyrics to our song, practice her performance and any dance moves. Kayleigh will be first in line to source any costume where possible, although Myself and Cameron will help where needed as we have already discussed buying some accessories such as tattoos which we will all pitch in for. As well as this, to develop practical skills she will have the opportunity to set up and film some shots despite being the main artist and also engage heavily in post production.

Cameron Roberts
Cameron will be involved in filming and post production along with Kayleigh and I. As well as this, Cameron will be in charge of casting actors into our music video which is very important due to the fact we want to use around 4/5 male dancers and 2/3 female backing singers so the casting of more actors is a really essential role. Cameron will also be sourcing props such as instruments (perhaps alongside Kayleigh and I to aid him in finding certain items cost-effectively).

Katie Lee (me)

I will be assuming the roles of cinematographer and editing in post production along with Cameron and Kayleigh. However, I will also be taking on the role of Locations manager, I will be ensuring we have appropriate permission to use locations and contacting owners of bars etc in order to use their location and collecting permission. As well as this I will be the make-up artist and hair stylist to Kayleigh, I'll spend time practising styles and ensuring that the image that we create meets the conventions of the soul genre. I've also been seeking technical help with lighting in my spare time in order to apply this knowledge to the lighting we use in our music video as it's a really important element, particularly to a soul music video.

Initial Ideas

For the initial ideas post we've recorded a video of ourselves discussing what we'd like the end product to look like, our own thoughts and which props, costumes, images and locations we would like to use. When editing the video I decided not to edit the actual conversation just to add cutaways in between as our discussion was completely natural and unscripted therefore I wanted to keep this essence of natural conversation evident in the final video.






As well as this, I also brainstormed my ideas for the music video and scanned them into the computer (image below)

Our Ideal Audience

Our ideal audience would be devised of both males and females, although prodominently females who would see our artist as an aspirational figure. The age range would be a wide market of about 16-30 although there may be a smaller market for older adults up to around 50 years old as the Soul genre has roots in this era. However, our artist will be a 'contemporary pop-soul' performer more similar to Paloma Faith, Duffy and Amy Winehouse than original soul artists like Diana Ross. Because our artist is British and would be releasing her track in Britain, caucasian audiences would be most dominant for our artist but as Soul is a genre of Afro-American origin so this would most certainly play a part in our target audience especially if our artist became more internationally successful.

Our target character would be somebody that has a large recreational interest in Music outside of work or studies, unless they worked in the music career. In terms of musical taste, our target audience would listen to artists such as Paloma Faith, Amy Winehouse and Adele but away from the Soul genre they'd also like artists such as Lana Del Rey, The Beatles, Frank Sinatra and Belle and Sebastian. Although this taste could be considered 'eclectic' our target is to reach people that have an interest in music over a wide span of time and genres such as indie, soul, blues and big band but most importantly they like artists that make their own and write their own music. They'd also enjoy art, socialising and going to the cinema most probably to see Cult adventure/fantasy films such as Harry Potter and smaller, indie cultural films outside of this. Our character would also enjoy watching classic films.

Our target audience would be the type of person to take a large interest in politics, history, art etc and work hard enjoying music on the side. We imagine our audience would look and dress similarly to the three above images. These would be the type of people that would shop in places like Topshop and Urban Outfitters but would also spend a lot of time searching through charity shops and vintage clothing stores in order to perfect their 'eclectic' vintage look which is highly fashionable at the moment. Our artist will be tapping into this with her use of tattoos which is something we also would expect our target audience to be interested in as it links directly to this style.

Mainly our target audience would be able to relate to our artist through style and interest in art/music.

Conventions of a SOUL Music Video (Music Video of my genre)

Below is a JING commentary I made discussing and analysing the conventions of soul music videos.




1. Colour and Costume

- Colour in soul music videos tend to be dull and dark shades such as black and grey. In terms of costume this tends to be very conventional, men in black suits and women in black dresses - particularly in 'old school' type soul similar to Duffy or Diana Ross. However, in more contemporary pop-soul artists such as Paloma Faith, use more colour which is probably because being 'whimsical' is what sells in this day and age but also creates a character for the artist which makes their image recognisable.


2. Location

- Locations tend to be low -lit and dark, clubs, bars, bedrooms and cars as well as stages for less narrative performance shots. These 'serious' settings allow the viewer to see the artist as a musician rather than a subject of image obsessed music industry 'manufacturing'. These locations also often fit in well with the lyrics.


3. Editing

- Editing, is as with most videos, fast cutting and fits in with the illustration ideas from the Andrew Goodwin 'Dancing in The Distraction factory' theories in that the video mainly revolves around the performance of the artist. This is conventional to soul artists because they tend to rely a lot on performance and portraying emotions in the lyrics as they want to show that they're passionate about the music and lyrics they've written. Duffy's Warwick Avenue (pictured below) is a perfect example of this as the artist is the only subject within the frame throughout the whole video and she performs her song with visible emotion in the back of a taxi. Although this method is simple and low budget, it is really effective as a soul music video because it allows the viewer to realise her true feelings within the lyrics and the truth of her music.

4. Cinematography

As with most music videos, the cinematography tends to range not too variably between long shots and close ups to show dance moves and flatter the artist's face. However, in soul music there are some interesting camera techniques used which I have noticed. Particularly with artist Amy Winehouse, I've found that some soul artists taking directive control over their own music videos, some more unconventional shots are used - for example an over the shoulder shot used in Amy Winehouse's 'You Know I'm No Good' is really unconventional for a music video because as a promotional video, the artist is usually flattered and flaunted to entice a viewer into buying into the artist. As well as this, Winehouse also uses the frame within a frame technique which is more conventional in film or Television drama.

Questionnaire Audience Analysis: Results.

Following are the results that came from the questionnaire that Kayleigh, Cameron and I created on Survey Monkey for audience research.

As you can see from the above graphs, we managed to gather data from an equal amount of males and females, therefore the results are applicable to both men and women and are reliable in this way. However, we didn't collect a vast range of ages but mainly from the 16-24 bracket, this is valid despite Soul being a genre that ranges to older people too because the type of artist that we wish to emulate (Paloma Faith) has a target audience of this demographic.

'Which of these soul artists do you find most interesting/enjoyable to listen to?'

This graph was in response to the question above, the analysis clearly depicts that Adele and Amy Winehouse are the most popular artists in our sample closely followed by Plan B. However, due to the fact that our artist is female, the statistics shown by the positive response to Adele and Amy is most helpful - we have since decided, based on this evidence, to use a song by female artist Paloma Faith, who isn't mentioned in this questionnaire. This is because she has an 'edgy-ness' in style similar to that of Amy Winehouse, however she does have a less grungy element which relates to Adele therefore 'all bases' are covered.

What do you associate with Soul music/music videos?

This graph shows that when asked about the conventions of a Soul music video, the most common aspect associated with this by our sample was backing singers. Backing singers in soul music have been evident since its origins in the motown era and we have decided as a group to ensure that backing singers are used in our own music video as this would link to audience ideas of soul music conventions. As well as this well dressed males was voted highly as an associated aspect to soul music, we have discussed using male dancers in black or grey suits in our video (similar to Duffy) therefore our video should meet the conventions. As well as this we also plan on using orchestral instruments and glamorous clothing which have both scored highly.

The Questionnarie: Audience Analysis

We used Survey Monkey to create a questionnaire in order to collect data about how people feel about Pop/Soul Music, which is our decided genre of choice for our own music video which we will soon be in the process of planning. We sent this survey to target audiences as well as using social mediums like Facebook to ensure that it reached a wide range of people, and as many as possible.

Publicity Photos: First Attempt

During last week our group shot publicity photographs for three different genres, soul, rock and pop music - However, we focused mainly on Soul music as that is our chosen genre for our own music video. Later on, I compiled the above video so I could watch and evaluate our first efforts at taking a promotional photograph for a music artist.


What I think went well...

- I think we effectively managed to take quite a few successful publicity photographs given the fact we only had just under an hour to compose and take them.

- I think we adapted our own image and the way we took a photo to adhere to the conventions of the genre effectively which shows our genre research has been successful and we've learned a lot from it.

- This practice allowed us to learn how to take a good shot which we can reproduce in our real publicity photo shooting.

- We experimented with a wide range of different shot types. [Shown in the image below]

What I think we could have done better...

- Spent more time preparing beforehand to take into account different locations and lighting etc as we didn't have much time to take this into consideration this time round.

- We could have spent more time building an artist image to create a 'brand image' to make our artist recognisable rather than completely conventional to the genre.

- Focused more on learning about other genres in even more detail.

Publicity Photos: Peer Analysis

During class time I looked at 1 CD cover and 2 Magazine Adverts created by A2 Media Students the previous year, we spent time looking at the covers and evaluating them.

1. 'In My Zone' (CD Cover) [IMAGE HERE?]

WHAT WENT WELL:

- Photographs suited the genre
- Costume suited the genre
- Good use of colour scheme to convey genre conventions
- Technical skills in post production


EVEN BETTER IF:

- Post production overshadowed the artist, so would be better with a little less post production.



2. 'Bittersweet' (Magazine Advert) [IMAGE?]


WWW:

- Good posture for the artists relating to genre.
- Effective use of post production on background/font/extras
- Location relates well to the genre
- Good use of make up for genre
- Clear research into genre conventions relayed in the work


EBI:

- a real 'Brand Image' was created for the artist.
- More post production was used on the publicity image of the artists itself.



'Madelyn Faith' (Magazine Advert) [IMAGE]

WWW:
- Off centre shot fits the genre and the artist image.
- Continuity in the advertising campaign
- Costume conventional to genre
- Clear research taken into genre conventions before constructing the advert


EBI:

- Better composition of the artist's body within the frame
- More attention to finer details
- More post production to enhance the photographs.

Theories of Editing

Theories

Assessment 2nd October (Research)

Katie
WWW:
There is some excellent detail in your genre research- lots of insightful analysis. You do use JING effectively- try to also use it with other posts and perhaps try using scribd as well as some video work.Otherwise its just a lot of text.
EBI:
No audience analysis uploaded? No theories?
Please ensure you are 100% complete on all the posts as unfortunately this assessment has to be IMPROVEMENT needed.
You have until Friday 7th October.
 JIN

What Makes a Good Publicity Photo?

The purpose of a publicity photo is to flatter and sell the artist, therefore a publicity photoshoot needs to get across the general 'essence' of the artist whilst also making them look appealing to the audience.

1. Flattering Lighting

Lighting is key in enhancing the features of an artist and making them appear a lot more attractive than they might actually be. Lighting can cover blemishes and make skin appear flat and smooth. Along with make-up this technique is really effective. In the example (left) of Adele, the use of bright lighting is evident in comparison to the controversy in the media's portrayal of Adele with weight issues and not having the 'phantasmagorical body'. The use of angle, lighting and make up add up to create an artist that appears to be 'beautiful' in the public eye.



2. Posture

An artist's composure and posture within the frame is also important in creating flattery as well as a general impression of an artist. Posture can help make an artist create a character and status, in the example (right), Eminem stands up straight with his shoulders high and broad. Eminem appears strong and scary which is typical of the rap genre - particularly for a white artist in a genre dominated by black culture. Composure is also used to make an artist appear more attractive.







3. Costume

Costume could be considered the most important factor in creating an artist's image. Costume is conventional to the genre and costume can create a 'brand image' for an artist that makes them instantly recognisable to the public and helps them to therefore become a household name in themselves. For example, Lady Gaga is known for her fashion sense and her own development of style has contributed greatly to her speedy and massive global success as an artist. Costume can also flatter an artist, which is why an artist may have a stylist choosing outfits for them to serve this purpose.

4. Make Up

Make up essentially makes the artist appear a lot more attractive and therefore appealing to an audience by creating an image of 'perfection' which is very common in pop music publicity shots and particularly in female artists. However, make up can also help to create an artist image as shown in the Little Boots example (right) in which 'interesting' make up is used to make her stand out and appear different to other artists.

5. Facial Expression

Facial expression in a publicity photo is a key factor in creating a 'brand image', genre awareness and mood. In the example shown to the left, 50 Cent looks into the camera with a serious expression, this gives the impression that he is looking at the audience and he comes across as strong and somewhat intimidating which is highly conventional to the rap genre - therefore, the effect of facial expression has been successful and would appeal to a target audience. 

6. Camera Angle

Camera angle and composition of the frame is also really important to the overall effect of an image. Using the 50 Cent example above, it is clear how the low angle shot has created the sense that 50 Cent has high status and comes across as powerful and intimidating due to this which is typical for the genre. Shot composition can also be used to flatter an artist ('only show my good side') and make them appear 'media beautiful'.

7. Post Production

Post Production is arguably, in contemporary media, the most important contributing factor into making a good publicity photo. Post production editing and photoshop allow artists to appear unnaturally appealing to a target audience by shedding wrinkles, fat, blemishes and just about anything natural about the photograph in the first place (even with make up, posture etc already planned). In the example of Beyonce shown to the right, it is clear that photoshop has been used to enhance the quality of the photo and make Beyonce appear a lot more 'perfect' and phantasmagorical than she might naturally be. In this example, Beyonce's midriff has been made smaller, her hair brightened, the general brightness and contrast of the photograph has been enhanced, her skin appears a lot more smooth and 'healthy'.

Genre Analysis - Jamie Cullum by Kayleigh Hobbs

Created by Kayleigh Hobbs (group work)

Jamie Cullum is an English pop and jazz pop singer and songwriter, he is a solo artist who accompanies himself on many instruments such as the guitar and drums as well as the piano. 

Jamie Cullum's video 'Everlasting Love' fits into the Soul Genre with conventions that match to others in the same genre.
Jamie's mise-en-scene is clearly portrayed clearly to the audience as he us wearing a suit. This could also be a similar style to the likes of Lemar (also a Soul artist). This could be a common convention. The clothes that he wears could also make people see him to be a man that takes pride in his appearance, and this sort of pride could also be taken with his music, as he is very pedantic when it comes to songwriting.

1 and 2. Lighting
3 and 4. Sound

The lighting in this music video perhaps fits into the genre of Soul music videos as well as perhaps going against.
Image 1 (far left) shows that this music video uses artificial lighting that is seen as very bright, highlighting the figure of Jamie who is in the black suit. However, when approaching the end of the song, (2) the lighting becomes more low key and Jamie isn't as prominent as he previously was. The low key lighting fits into the genre of Soul music, whereas the bright artificial light could be seen as 'not the norm'. This may make the audience more familiar to the music and the genre in which it fits.
The sound in this music video could be described as diegetic as Jamie has a band that are accompanying him as he plays the piano. This conveys to the audience that perhaps the music has been left as it was recorded, with little or no changes to the sound of the instruments and Jamie's vocals.

While he performs it is clear to the viewer that this performance means something to Jamie Cullum. When he is playing the piano and singing the notes that reflect how he is feeling, he will gradually stand up, and this is when the camera comes closer to him. This conveys to the audience the passion that Jamie has for his music, and perhaps his feelings towards the person that the song lyrics are about.

Genre Analysis: Adele - by Kayleigh Hobbs

Created by Kayleigh Hobbs (group work)

I chose to look at the music video for Adele's 'Chasing Pavements' as it isn't stereotypically a music video that would be associated with a Soul artist like herself. However this song 'Chasing Pavements' is definitely a Soul song as can be told by the sound that we hear in her voice and also the instruments that accompany her in this song, and in fact all the songs on her album.

The colour scheme that is used in this music video, very much matches the genre of her music. The dark orange colours of the leaves on the floor, the dull colours of Adele's costumes and in fact what the actors are wearing fits into the typical colour scheme.

Contact sheet to represent the colour scheme.

Colour scheme is one way to instantly tell the difference between a pop and soul music video. Pop videos use brighter/bolder colours whereas Soul will use more neutral colours that go together well.
In Soul music videos, the female artists are usually dressed to look glamourous and as if they are wealthy people. In this particular music video, Adele is wearing a long coat with black trousers on. This isn't particularly glamourous but does fit into the overall colour scheme really well.

Adele as an artist does not normally include dance moves into her music videos, and this one is no exception. She has little screen time in this music video, but what she does do is very important and very well done. She has various close ups on her face to convey her facial expressions and  perhaps show to the audience how she is feeling. Like other soul music videos, the use of the long shot is  used here (as shown at the top of the page). This is a very effective shot, as it shows the background as well as Adele and the colours fir together, creating the overall mood of the music video.

As Adele is just situated in the background for various shots, it could suggest that her status perhaps isn't at it's highest point. However the close ups on her face, could perhaps go against this idea. In Soul music videos, females are seen to be of a high status and parts of this video go against this.

The lighting in this music video, is natural as it has been shot in the natural environment, which looks to be a park. The lighting is used in a very clever way, as it creates slight silhouettes of the characters on the floor when they are performing various movements. However when Adele is moving around the set, a silhouette is not apparent, again limiting her status. This could also be used to make the two main actors in the video stand out when they are surrounded by the other characters.